Motivation in Learning

Definition of motivation, the driving-force idea, and why a teacher cannot teach without it

Positive and negative reinforcers, why behavior modification matters, and the limits of punishment

Five levels from biological to self-actualization, and how to read what a student needs

Cognitive theory’s focus on consciousness, plus Bandura’s modeling: attention, retention, production, motivation

Locus of control, Kohn’s research on rewards, and why young children do not need external rewards to learn

Classroom properties, processes, and structures that motivate the whole group, plus practical strategies