Assignment - Infographics - 117

Objective

Create a fishbone diagram in Canva that maps the root causes of air pollution in Karachi, organized by category.

Instructions

Step 1: Define the Problem

Write this at the fish head (right side):

“Air pollution in Karachi is worsening”

Step 2: Identify Cause Categories

Use these as your main bones:

• Transport: Old vehicles without emission controls, two-stroke rickshaws and motorbikes, diesel trucks and buses, traffic congestion causing engines to idle for long periods
• Industry: Factories releasing smoke and chemicals, brick kilns on the city outskirts, power plants burning furnace oil
• Waste Burning: Open burning of household garbage, burning of plastic and rubber waste in informal settlements
• Generators: Widespread use of diesel and petrol generators due to load-shedding, concentrated in commercial and residential areas
• Construction: Dust from road construction, building demolition, and large development projects with no dust control measures
• Urban Vegetation Loss: Cutting of trees reduces the capacity to absorb pollutants; fewer green spaces in densely built areas

Step 3: Add Sub-causes

For each category, add two or three specific sub-causes. For example, under Transport: “most rickshaws have no catalytic converter” or “no mandatory annual vehicle emission testing.”

Step 4: Build in Canva

• Fishbone structure with the problem on the right.
• Main categories branch off the central spine.
• Sub-causes on shorter branches.
• One color per main category.

Design Tips

• Use a smoggy grey-brown color palette to match the topic.
• Bold the main category names.
• Keep each label to a short phrase.

Required Elements

• Problem statement at the fish head.
• At least 5 main cause categories.
• At least 2 sub-causes per category.
• Title: “Causes of Air Pollution in Karachi.”