Philosophical Foundations
Philosophical and Historical Foundations
Every curriculum rests on foundations, and the deepest of them is philosophy. What a school believes about truth, knowledge, and value decides what it teaches and how. This chapter covers the four educational philosophies that shape curricula, perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and reconstructionism, and ends with the thinkers who built curriculum into a field of study.
The philosophical, historical, psychological, and social foundations, and why philosophy is the starting point for every curriculum decision
The belief that enduring ideas from history’s finest thinkers are as relevant now as ever, and the curriculum it produces
The case for teaching the basics, a core of academic knowledge and character, with a strong emphasis on science
Learning by doing, in real-life activities with others, built around learners’ experiences, interests, and abilities
The school as an agent of social change, teaching learners to study social problems and act to improve society
Five thinkers who shaped curriculum as a field: Kilpatrick, Charters, Bobbitt, Caswell, and Tyler
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